The first three are discussed in this article. Many observances in Jewish law must be performed at specific times during the day. That was his maasehhis mem to the tzav during the tzom. According to Ashkenazim, one shouldn't brush one's teeth on a fast day unless one will be in pain by not brushing, such as someone who brushes daily. Sh"t Yechave Daat 1:35, Kaf Hachaim 686:22, 550:4, Nitai Gavriel Purim 25:4. When the aveilut commences after Yom Tov, the full intensity of the first day of aveilut emerges. Our fasting is designed to arouse us to do teshuvah and help us realize that we can be so much greater than we currently are. This principle is found in the Talmud (Yoma 33a). (see Law #4 below). All Jews have a custom, originating in the Gaonic period (589-1038 C.E. What is the secret of his immortality?". Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 545 as well as Yechave Daat 5:40 say that the custom of the sephardim is not to say a haftorah except on tisha b'av where even sephardim have a haftara for, Mishna Brurah 566:3, Shaare Ephraim 8:107. Apparently, the exemption of tefillin is derived from the word peer, and not the general instructions delivered to Yechezkel. See Mishna Brurah 686:5 who writes that someone whose eye's hurt needs to make up the fast of Ester since it was never established for that day specifically. Bob Barocas is the author of Legacy of Light: Revealing the Torah's Eternal Relevance. The Jewish Calendar ( jewish_calendar) integration displays a variety of information related to the Jewish Calendar as a variety of sensors. His aveilut responsibilities simply override his mitzva to study Torah. All Jews fast on the four fast days mentioned by the prophets which are: Tzom Gedalya (the third of Tishrei), Asara B'Tevet (tenth of Tevet), Shiva Asar BeTamuz (seventeenth of Tamuz), and Tisha BeAv (ninth of Av). 67. This was the day selected by Haman to commit genocide against the Jewish people. 175-80) suggested that Purim and Taanit Esther commemorate two distinct themes of Purim, which are rooted in the different themes of the Megilla itself. 6) During the afternoon Mincha prayers, the paragraph of Aneinu is added to the silent Amidah, during the blessing of Shema Koleinu. any more than any other Jews. Therefore, when understood in this light, we see that Esther is not telling the Jewish People to focus on atoning for their sins when they fast during this time. Cleary, the implication is, that while HE is allowed to don his tefillin, other mourners may not. In the Remas time, however, one could wear both ones tallit and tefillin to shul, and therefore it was preferable to put on ones tallit before his tefillin, at home. Clearly the parshiot entail the core of tefillin. For these four fasts, the beracha of aneinu is recited during chazarat hashatz as a beracha on its own as long as there are six or more fasting. Asara B'Tevet commemorates the tragedy of Nevuchadnezzar laying siege to Yerushalayim. Gemara Tanit 11b, Shulchan Aruch 571:2. Taanit Esther Readings. King, perhaps because we haven't heard Him calling us. Musaf l'Shabbat. ein maavirin) cites a well-known Mekhilta (12:17) which states: And you shall watch over the matzot" R. Yoshiya says: Read it not, "And you shall watch over the matzot," but, "And you shall watch over the mitzvot." Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. In fact, the grandeur of tefillin is spiritual in nature and should not constitute a clash with aveilut. But God is always We stop eating and drinking and restrain ourselves from acting as we did the prior day because this day is far more than business as usual. We try to break out of our mundane mindsets and excitedly rise above to get higher and closer to Hashem. Mishna Brurah 571:4 adds that if a talmid chacham has certain sins for which he needs to fast in order to do teshuva it is permitted to fast. This week, we will begin our discussion of the. Esther called for a fast, knowing that through soul-searching the Jews would forge a spiritual connection necessary to make her mission successful. In the context of the story it is probably describing how they rallied together to do battle against their enemies. Bet Yosef 575:2 points out that the Rambam Tefillah 13:18 implies that there is no haftorah for a fast day besides for Tisha B'av or a fast for a drought and that the minhag of Sephardim was not to say a haftorah. SA 562:1, Mordechai Taanis 631, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 529. Learn a new word every day. Please use the following structure: example@domain.com, Send me The Times of Israel Daily Edition. If the prohibition stems from aveilut concerns not to disrupt the mourning with the magnificence of tefillin perhaps the classic rule of miktzat ha-yom should apply, as it does to all aveilut practices. If an avel is prohibited from wearing tefillin as an expression of elegance that disrupts his aveilut, perhaps this person should also be forbidden to wear tefillin. . However, if he first touches the bag which hold the tefillin, he can still put on the tallit before the tefillin. Anyone who isn't fasting for whatever reason should try to eat in private. One can even say Avinu Malkeinu when davening without a minyan. In the days of Esther, the Fast of Esther happened during Pesach. He sends Another related page is Commemoration of the Destruction of the Temple (Zecher LeChurban). Then deposit your grogger in the collection box in the lobby after Megilla. Learn more about JOFAs Agunot Advocacy Campaign and about what you can do to spread awareness about this crisis. Se'udat Leil Shabbat. Thank you for making me aware of this women-centered Jewish tradition. Modernly, we do not fast on seder night. waiting for us to pray to him and ask for His help. 7) As on other public fasts, the Torah reading of Vayechal Moshe (Exodus 32:11-14, 34:1-10) is read both at Shacharit and Mincha. On a weekday other than a Monday and Thursday, somebody who is not fasting may not receive an aliya to the torah. You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one that's only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary.. Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America's largest dictionary, with:. Everybody is obligated to fasts on these public fast days. The actual Selichot are a collage of Torah verses and poetically written Hebrew works in which we ask Gd to forgive us on a personal and communal level. Ta'anit Esther for Hebrew Year 5784 occurs at dawn on Thursday, 21 March 2024. Yabia Omer OC 2:34 and 9:66 discusses this topic at great length and agrees with the Chesed Lalafim. Today, the 13th of Adar, was a critical day in the times of Mordechai and Esther. Fasting for the purpose of teshuva or receiving atonement is an important mitzvah. 1 Answer. The verachatz) seems to agree. 37 where he writes that one who leaves it open doesn't violate lifnei iver, but it is still best to post a clear sign that today is a fast day and nobody should be eating. You can see the complete Hebrew service here. This is also the ruling of Eishel Avraham Butchatch 550:1. And when he removes his phylacteries, he first removes the phylacteries of the head and afterward removes the phylacteries of the arm. It is permissible to wash with hot water or anoint oneself. The Fast of Esther (Ta'anit Ester, Hebrew: ) is a Jewish fast from dawn until dusk on Purim eve, commemorating the three-day fast observed by the Jewish people in the story of Purim. 2) No eating or drinking is permitted. Thus even women fast on Taanis Esther. Shevet hakehasi 1:180 says that one who didn't know this halachah and ate in the morning without having made the stipulation the night before, may still recite aneinu. Since Tisha Be-Av constitutes collective mourning and is also based on remote events, perhaps Tisha Be-av does not instigate the experience of dreadful sorrow which threatens the tefillin. Shevet Halevi 5:60 explains that this is only true for someone who began the fast and ate accidentally and not someone who is exempt from fasting. Rama Orach Chaim 550:1, Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 554:5, Pri Megadim Eishel Avraham 550:1, Aruch Hashulchan 550:3, Yechave Daat 1:35. He is Founder and Director of Aish.com's advanced learning site. Just as matzot are not permitted to become chametz (i.e., to sour), so a mitzva should not be permitted to become chametz; rather, if the opportunity of a mitzva presents itself to you, perform it immediately. deliverance will come anyway, from another source, but she and her family will According to Ashkenazim, on the fasts other than Tisha B'av the Haftara of Isaiah 55:6-56:8 is read during. ha, Rambam (Taniyot 1:13, Raavad ad loc., Rosh Tanit 1:12) that it doesn't even count as a fast of hours if one eats before the night. Typically, the term of an avel is truncated based on the principle of miktzat ha-yom ke-kulo expressing aveilut for a part of the day is equivalent to expressing it the entire day. It is actually this one-day pre-battle fast that we commemorate every year before Purim. For those men who wear a tallit during Shacharit, which should be put on first, the tallit or the tefillin? Yalkut Yosef page 549 says that even if you were called up by name, you should explain to them that you are not fasting, and even adds that this applies where you are currently fasting but do not plan on finishing the fast. This has been a long-standing problem in the Jewish community, particularly in the Orthodox world in which womens autonomy is often stifled. Nitei Gavriel (Ben Hametzarim v. 1 p. 54 3:4 fnt. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Yabia Omer 2:28:7 and Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. Tosafot (Moed Katan 21a) claim that tefillin may be worn on Tisha Be-Av, whereas the Rosh in Taanit cites the Maharam Mi-Rotenburg, who forbade this. A restaurant or store owner should preferably refrain from giving out food unless it is known that it is for sick people or for after the fast, and even if there are other places where people can access food. begins Monday morning, before sunrise, and ends at night after the reading of However, in honor of the Purim heroine, it is called Taanit Esther -- the Fast of Esther. Most authorities maintain that he should (see Pri Megadim 548), but at least one opinion claims that he should not (see Kenesset Ha-Gedola, Yoreh Deah 388). Namerow, Jordan. u'tzedaka" - repentance, prayer, and tzedaka. Magen Avraham 566:8 writes that one who is not fasting may receive an aliyah because the torah would have been read even if not for the fast, while the Maamar Mordechai 566:5 disagrees since the content of the Torah reading is for that of a fast day and not for the week's parsha. Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3), Shulchan Aruch 549:1, Rambam Taaniyot 5:2. This is understood by most rishonim (Rashi s.v. Similarly, the phrase Bar Mitzvah, which contains the word tzav, is the time in which a young man is ready to reach new spiritual heights by taking on mitzvot. Typically, the Chakhamim can suspend a mitzva de-oraita. The Fast of Esther (Taanit Ester, Hebrew: ) is a Jewish fast from dawn until dusk on Purim eve, commemorating the three-day fast observed by the Jewish people in the story of Purim. Thus, on a tzom, we need to take our passion to actively achieve something great and bring it out to the world of action. 8) quotes the Debrisiner Rav who permitted it if the person couldn't swallow it without the water, though the Nitai Gavriel disagrees. The Halichot Shlomo Moadim 2:13:footnote 10 says if one ate a small amount of food he may still receive an aliya on a fast day. When letters make sounds that aren't associated w One goose, two geese. The Mishna mentions two characteristics which may determine precedence: tedirut (frequency) and kedusha (sanctity). ), the tefillin certainly has greater sanctity. The torah can be read even if there are only six men fasting. An avel responding to a report of death may be obligated to obey the classic rules of aveilut, but he may not experience the raw pain and dejection of a classic avel who experiences the death and burial firsthand. Instead, it is a time to reframe our outlook on life and push ourselves to grow more than we thought possible. The Fast of Esther ( Ta'anith Ester, Hebrew: ) is a fast on Purim eve commemorating two communal fasts undertaken by the Persian Jewish community of Shushan in the Book of Esther, for the purpose of praying for salvation from annihilation by an evil decree, which had been the instigated by the . He adds that for, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, Volume 1, Page 106, Chesed Lalafim 109 writes that one shouldn't skip aneinu in shemona esrei in order to catch answering kedusha with the congregation. The Maggid Mishna (Taniyot 5:5) writes that today it is only a minhag and will remain an obligation until the third Beit HaMikdash is built. However, a Baal Nefesh should be strict not to wash oneself in hot water or anoint oneself. Gemara Berachot 6b writes that the reward for a fast day is from the tzedaka that one gives. A Jew's best weapon is the recognition that strength and victory come only through God (see Exodus 17:10). On. As tefillin are referred to as peer, this inner feeling is central to the mitzva performance. Yisroel Vhazemanim 1:pages 573-578, Nitei Gavriel bein hamitzarim page 58. 625) and Hagahot Ashri (Tanit 1:12) argues that Rav Chisda only meant that if one accepted to fast for the whole day then it is ineffective if one ate before night, but it is possible to accept just to fast part of the day. Tzom Kal and Purim Sameach. Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. It is better to daven inside by oneself than daven outside if one is afraid that because of the heat he won't be able to fast or dehydrate. This is not a fast of sadness. Some Acharonim (see Dagul Merevava OC 25 and Shaagat Aryeh 28) question the ruling of the Shulchan Arukh. If a person does fast an individual fast he may not publicize it to others in order to receive honor. Ta'anit Esther for Hebrew Year 5782 occurred on Wednesday, 16 March 2022 . Many have the custom to recite Avinu Malkeinu on public fast days. 10 commandments 10th of tevet 17th of tammuz 1990 gulf war 3 weeks 9 days a hertz institute production abortion adar ahavas chinam amalek animals antisemitism army atzeret hitorrerut audio baseball beha'alotcha behab bulman business change kennes chanukah charity chicago chicago 5775 chicago5770 chicago5771 . This video explores these questions to uncover a deeper meaning of Taanit Esther. Topics mp3 Audio Ohr Somayach. Mishna Brurah 562:10 quotes the Eliya Rabba for someone who is weak. The Magen Avraham (OC 25, s.k. Even rabbis or teachers whose fasting may cause their learning to be of lower quality should fast on these fast days including. One shouldn't skip Aneinu in Shemona Esrei to say it after Shemona Esrei so that one can answer kedusha. He writes that since some Acharonim explain the principle of ein maavirin is a biblical rule (mi-deoraita), therefore we do not take his potential embarrassment into account. Matei Ephraim 602:22, Shaare Ephraim 1:10, Minchas Elazar 3:3, Teshuvot Vihanhagot 2:265, Minhag Yisroel Torah 550:page 31, Nitei Gavriel (Bein Hametzarim) 1:page 64:footnote 22. It commemorates the fasting of our ancestors in response to the dramatic chain of events that occurred during their exile in the Persian empire. Minah l'Shabbat. Levush 550:1, Magen Avraham 550:1, and Mishna Brurah 550:1 hold that primarily the minor fasts today are obligatory as communal practices when there isn't persecution. The Fast of Esther (Taanit Ester, Hebrew: ) is a Jewish fast from dawn until dusk on Purim eve, commemorating the three-day fast observed by the Jewish people in the story of Purim. Rabbi Soloveitchik (Shiurei HaRav, pp. Click a date on the calendar displays the schedule for that day. This website includes location data created by GeoNames Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 536 adds that one recites aneinu at night on tisha bav. Maharsham (1:123, page 178), Chelkat Yaakov 2:83, Contemporary Halachic Problems (v. 2, p. 26). The gemara in Moed Katan (21a) cites a machloket between R. Eliezer and R. Yehoshua regarding whether an avel is prohibited to wear tefillin for two days of his aveilut or for three days. One who is sick, even if there is no danger of dying is exempt from fasting and shouldn't fast. A fast of hours (Tanit Shaot) is only effective if a person didn't eat in the morning and then decided not to eat the rest of the day. 4) If the 13th falls on Shabbat, we don't fast that day, due to the honor of Shabbat. However, the Mordechai (Tanit no. Gemara Brachot 6b indicates that fasting is certainly a mitvzah, yet giving charity is a crucial element of the fast day. and our generation, may not be the ones to see it if we don't act. Se'udat Yom Shabbat. Shulchan Aruch 550:2, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 530, Aruch Hashulchan 550:2. Moreover, a tzom is a joyous day, which is precisely why we bring the Fast of Esther closer to us when it falls out on Shabbatwe look forward to it. In Gemara, The Gemara Rosh Hashana 18b states based on the pasuk in Zecharya that if there's no Beit HaMikdash and persecution then these are fast days, if there's a Beit HaMikdash then they're holidays, however, if there's no Beit HaMikdash and no persecution these are dependent on the will of the people. Miraculously, the Jews gained the right to defend themselves against their enemies. 249:4, Yabea Omer 6:31, Rav Tzvi Rimon (Sulamot Sh"t Asar Btevet Shchal BShabbat). And when he removes his phylacteries, he first removes the phylacteries of the head and afterward removes the phylacteries of the arm. The Rashba (responsa) writes that the Rambam retracted. Rashi in Ketuvot (6b) augments this idea by asserting that not only is an avel EXEMPTED from the mitzva of tefillin, he is also FORBIDDEN from performing it. 1 March 2007. One need not train his children to fast, even at the age of 12 for boys or eleven for girls. However, the PERSONAL sorrow and dejection of the mourner may not be as potent given the time delay. Our existence Mishna Taanit 26b, Rambam Taaniyot 5:2, Shibbolei Haleket 263, Chayei Adam 133:4, Mishna Brurah 549:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:4, Aruch Hashulchan 549:3, Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 1), Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 527, Halachos of the Three Weeks page 1. A public reading offered by Rabbi Arthur Waskow for the Fast of Esther in response to recent events in the State of Israel by the right-wing government of Bibi Netanyahu admitting Jewish fascists into their administration. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. There is a dispute whether nowadays these fasts are considered a binding communal practice or derived from the words of prophets.[3]. Commenting on the Rif, who limits the prohibition to one day, the Rosh claims that the Rif agrees with R. Yehoshua that - fundamentally - the prohibition lasts two days, but since the principle of miktzat ha-yom ke-kulo truncates the second day, practically speaking, tefillin may be worn on the second day and are only forbidden on the first day. . a messenger to Ester to tell her to go and speak to the king on behalf of her By contrast, an avel is EXCLUDED from tefillin because he cannot possibly attain peer and cannot preserve that status. Rav Chisda in Tanit 12a says that it is only a fast if a person completes it upon the night. This facilitates the process of "teshuva" -- literally "return." What will ours be? (Case in point: the Six Day War.) The unique kedusha of tefillin mandates mental and emotional focus, and a dejected avel spoils the kedusha of tefillin. Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun 1:page 108, Halachos of the Three Weeks by Rabbi Eider p. 19. They are headed by a member of our shul and do remarkable work. Theres a dispute whether one may take a haircut on a fast day and its preferable not to. Clip Length: 5:35 (mm:ss) (File size: 1.28 MB) (File size:5.16 MB) Purim- Taanit Esther. If the tefillin are viewed as a disrupter of aveilut and forbidden similar to other aveilut disruptions, the prohibition should apply to Tisha Be-Av; all the classic prohibitions of personal aveilut apply on Tisha Be-Av. Purim Qatan Readings. The Gemara Tanit 11b establishes that a fast of hours counts as a fast in order to recite anenu. Mishna Brurah 566:12, Chazon Ovadia Arba Taaniyot pg. But we've been afraid to approach the Originally from Buffalo, New York, he holds a degree in journalism from the University of Texas at Austin, and rabbinic ordination from the Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem. In this context, he notes the Gemara's discussion concerning the requirement to read the Megilla twice, both by night and during the day ( Megilla 3b ). (Except in walled cities, where the Megillah is read on the night of the 15th.). Halakha demands the launch of classic aveilut in this case, but the issue of this avel wearing tefillin is debated (see the Beit Yosef, Yoreh Deah 320). commemorates Ester's fast before approching the king. Taanit Esther is the only time in the Jewish calendar that wholly commemorates the power of a single woman to exercise courage in changing the course of Jewish history. And anyone who is more sanctified than another precedes that other person. These sources indicate that when one happens upon a mitzva, it should not be delayed. See further on the. It is possible for an individual to take upon themselves to fast for a day and it will serve for an atonement and merit. Arvit l'Shabbat. "Am Fasttage vor dem Purimfeste" was translated/adapted by Yehoshua Heshil Miro and published in his anthology of teinot, (Beit Yaaqov) Allgemeines Gebetbuch fr gebildete Frauen mosaicher Religion. HALACHAS (LAWS) OF FAST OF ESTHER 1) The fast begins at dawn ( "Alot Hashachar") and ends after nightfall ( "Tzait Hakochavim" ). He is co-founder of HonestReporting.com, and author of"David & Goliath",the definitive account of anti-Israel media bias. Ta'anit Esther, or the Fast of Esther, falls in the spring on the thirteenth day of the Jewish month of Adar. 2023. However, the Fast of Esther is moved up a daywe bring it closer to usto avoid fasting on Shabbat. Click Here to Sponsor Daily Halacha. Delivered to your inbox! Jewish Women's Archive. This is in stark contrast to a secular army which spends the day preparing weapons and armaments. It was on this day that the Megila states (9:1), "Bayom Magen Avraham 567:6 writes that this is only according to the Rama who says not to taste food on any fast day, however, according to SA who allows tasting on fast days besides for, Chaye Adam 132:20 writes that if one is in great pain one may rinse ones mouth even on Tish BeAv if one is careful to bend ones head downward so that one doesnt come to swallow anything but one may not do so on. Instead, the avel is excused from tefillin because he cannot ACHIEVE the requisite experience of peer central to tefillin performance. He is also a highly-acclaimed speaker and mentor for RJX/MEOR Rutgers, a contributing writer for Chabad.org, financial coach, proud husband, and father of three. Ashkenazim have a custom is certain verses are read aloud by the congregation. Answer: Although Taanis Esther is the most lenient of the public fast days, it remains a fast day, and everybody has to fast in principle. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach quoted in Nishmas Avraham (v. 5, p. 46) and Halichot Shlomo Moadim pg. The Taz (OC 684:4) disagrees. For the other fasts please see the following links: Tisha BeAv, Tanit Ester, and Tanit Bechorim. The prophet Zechariyah (8:19) stated that in the future the fast of the fourth, fifth, seventh, and tenth will become days of happiness for the Jews. Q & A with Susan Chevlowe, curator of "Missing Generations: Photographs by Jill Freedman", The "Heart to Heart Songbook's" Healing Message, Preserving and Refurbishing Passover Traditions, Copyright 19982023, Jewish Women's Archive. Piskei Teshuvot 550:6, Rivevot Ephraim 1:363:1 and 3:368, Sht Bear Moshe 3:77, Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in Moadei Yeshurun page 108.
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