No sooner had the village studies begun that their limitations and the need for studying caste in its horizontal dimension were realized. Kotecha is likely an occupational surname referring to a business community whose ancestors were merchants. Barot was originally the name of a community that derived itself from the Bhat community. Below this paragraph, I have provided Gujarat Caste List in PDF format which is the same as Digital Gujarat Caste List. The Rajputs, in association with the Kolis, were probably the only horizontal unit which had continuous internal hierarchy, i.e., hypergamy unbroken by any endogamous subdivisions, and which did not have discernible boundaries at the lowest level. BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES NEEDED IN INDIAN ELECTION SYSTEMS - Academia.edu What may be called the census approach influenced a great deal of scholarly work. (Frequently, such models are constructed a priori rather than based on historical evidence, but that is another story). These powerful last names will allow your little ones to flaunt their surnames with pride. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"JoC_BWsapbxkWt5DiwKm.yUVJ1sUs5Lnx3NXnOdJgrU-3600-0"}; Almost every village in this area included at least some Leva population, and in many villages they formed a large, if not the largest, proportion of the population. The primarily urban castes and the urban sections of the rural-cum- urban castes were the first to take advantage of the new opportunities that developed in industry, commerce, administration, the professions and education in urban centres. As you know Digital Gujrat is the feature of our generation. A large number of priestly, artisan and service castes also lived in both villages and towns: Bramhans, barbers, carpenters, blacksmiths, shoemakers, leather-workers, scavenges, water-carriers, palanquin-bearers, and so on. In many villages in Gujarat, particularly in larger villages, one or two first-order divisions would be represented by more than one second-order division. PDF CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF GUJARAT Entry No Caste - NCBC The census reports provide such figures until 1931, but it is well known that these pose many problems for sociological analysis, most of which arise out of the nature of castes as horizontal units. Their work is distinguished by their primary use of red, which comes from a local pigment produced from crushed insects. Meghwals are known for their contribution to embroidery and the textile industry. Tiny business and service units are their main support for livelihood.[24]. In fact it has caused . This Gujarati surname is considered to have derived from the Hindustani word panch meaning five. The name Panchal likely referred to those who belonged to any of the five artisanal communities of blacksmiths, goldsmiths, coppersmiths, carpenters, and stonemasons. Hence as we go down the hierarchy we encounter more and more debates regarding the claims of particular lineages to being Rajput so much so that we lose sight of any boundary and the Rajput division merges imperceptibly into some other division. Usually, the affairs of the caste were discussed in large congregations of some fifty to hundred or even more villages from time to time. Radhvanaj Rajputs were clearly distinguished from, and ranked much above local Kolis. Have there been any changes in the popularity or usage of Gujarati surnames over time? At one end there were castes in which the principle of hierarchy had free play and the role of the principle of division was limited. The surname thus has an occupational origin. The Vanias provide an example of such castes. 1 0 obj The fact that Mahatma Gandhi came from a small third-order division in the Modh Vania division in a town in Saurashtra does not seem to be an accident. Her experience in impactful writing combined with her background in Home Sciences makes Aparna the perfect candidate for content writing in the pregnancy and parenting niche. Such a description not only overlooks the diversity and complexity of caste divisions and the rural-urban Link- ages in them but also leads to placing them in the same category as Muslims, Christians, Parsis, Jains, Buddhists, and so on. Their origin myth enshrined in their caste purana also showed them to be originally non-Brahman. Thus, Rawal/Raval refers to those who originally came from a family of commanders or kings. The most important example of primarily political caste association is the Gujarat Kshatriya Sabha. * List of Scheduled Tribes in Gujarat; A. . They were found in almost every village in plains Gujarat and in many villages in Saurashtra and Kachchh. Shyam Lal Rawat refers to the Meghwals of Rajasthan as "one of the dominating backward castes",[13] a connection also made by Debashis Debnath. It probably is a combination of the words screw and wala meaning seller or maker. Most inter-divisional marriages take place between boys and girls belonging to the lowest order in the structure of divisions. After marriage, the wife moves to the husband's house, except for the period of childbirth. David F. Pocock's classic sociological survey Kanbi And Patidar: A Study Of The Patidar Community Of Gujarat, opens with the lines: "Patidar is the name of a large and influential caste which . These marriage links do not seem to have allowed, among the Kolis, formation of well organized, small, endogamous units (ekadas, gols) as were found among some other castes. 17. Apparently this upper boundary of the division was sharp and clear, especially when we remember that many of these royal families practised polygyny and female infanticide until middle of the 19th century (see Plunkett 1973; Viswa Nath 1969, 1976). The surname Chowdhury is likely a title of honor bestowed by a king to a warrior or a nobleman. The social relations between and within a large number of such segregated castes should be seen in the context of the overall urban environment, characterized as it was by co-existence of local Hindu castes with immigrant Hindu castes and with the non-Hindu groups such as Jains, Muslims, Parsis and Christians, a higher degree of monetization, a higher degree of contractual and market relations (conversely, a lesser degree of jajmani-type relations), existence of trade guilds, and so on. , , ( S.T ), Sathwara, Satawara, Sathwara-Kadiya, Satwar-Kadiya, Dalwadi and Kadiya, , , -, =, , Mali, Fulmali, Marathi Mali, Kachh Mali, Jire Mali, Bagban, Ravin, , , , , , , . Let us now return to a consideration of the first-order divisions with subdivisions going down to the third or the fourth order. People belonging to the work culture of a similar kind have yet another common name. All the small towns sections in each of the ekdas resented that, while the large town section accepted brides from small towns, they did not reciprocate. Madhurima takes a keen interest in parenting and lifestyle. But there was also another process. 3rd Floor, Dr. Jivraj Mehta Bhavan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat (India). The surname is likely composed of the Gujarati words sara meaning good and bhai referring to a brother, man, or any other person of significance. All associations originated in large towns, are more active in towns than in villages, and are led by prominent members in towns. Frequently, the urban population of such a division performed more specialized functions than did the rural one. If you prefer the old-school feeling, naming your child with county names can be the best. Rawal (also spelled Raval) or Raol originally is a regional variation of the Hindi princely ruler title Raja/Radjah (literally "king" [1]) used in some princely states in Rajputana and Western India (notably Gujarat), and is now also used as a caste designation or surname by several communities in Southern Asia. DISCLAIMER: The material on this website is provided for educational purposes only and is not to be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment, or in place of therapy or medical care. The same problems would arise in the reverse direction if, as many scholars have done, the term caste cluster, caste complex or caste category is used for divisions of a higher order and the term caste or jati is used for divisions of a lower order. For example, just as there were Modh Vanias, there were Modh Brahmans, and similarly Khadayata Vanias and Khadayata Brahmans, Shrimali Vanias and Shrimali Brahmans, Nagar Vanias and Nagar Brahmans, and so on. Kumbhar (Prajapati, Varia), Prajapati (uijar prajapati, Varia Prajapati, Sorthia Prajapati), Sorathiya Prajapati. Property. The members of a kings caste were thus found not only in his own kingdom but in other kingdoms as well. This tendency reaches its culmination in the world of Dumont. This is also the reason to find them in all parts of the world. [citation needed] The Meghs, Kabir Panthi or Bhagat are from Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir[16] and are known as Megh, Arya Megh and Bhagat. I do not propose to review the literature on caste here; my aim is to point out the direction towards which a few facts from Gujarat lead us. Usually, these divisions were distinguished from one another by prohibition of what people called roti vyavahar (bread, i.e., food transactions) as well as beti vyavahar (daughter, i.e., marital transactions). The surname Jariwala or Zariwala probably refers to someone who produces and sells jari/zari. Firstly, there were divisions whose population was found almost entirely in towns. Beingtheparent.com , you guys Rock !!! The main point is that we do not completely lose sight of the lowest boundary among these three hypergamous divisions as we do among the Rajputs. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Her experience in impactful writing combined with her background in Home Sciences makes Aparna the perfect candidate for content writing in the pregnancy and parenting niche.Read more. Definition [ edit] The castes of the three categoriesprimarily urban, primarily rural, and rural-cum-urbanformed an intricate network spread over the rural and urban communities in the region. The surname Gajjar represents a Gujarati sub-caste from the Suthar community. Pages in category "Social groups of Gujarat" The following 157 pages are in this category, out of 157 total. 2 0 obj // Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. For example, among almost every Vania division there was a dual division into Visa and Dasa: Visa Nagar and Dasa Nagar, Visa Lad and Dasa Lad, Visa Modh and Dasa Modh, Visa Khadayata and Dasa Khadayata, and so on. In 1891, when Hardyal Singh wrote about the Bhambi, Meghwal caste of Marwar states, he observed:[3][10][12], "The first two divisions (The Adu or unmixed Bhambis and the Maru Bhambis) are very closely connected and inter-marry, while the last two divisions only marry in their own communities respectively. Shroff is derived from seraf, a Gujarati word that means banker, cashier, or a money-lender. 8. Madhurima has completed her Masters in Biochemistry from North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong. The two former ekdas continued to exist with diminished strength. The following surnames in the Shree Sorathia Prajapati community are being used and obtained through heritage for centuries: It will readily be agreed that the sociological study of Indian towns and cities has not made as much progress as has the study of Indian villages. Surnames such as Patel and Sheth denote heads or chiefs, while Amin and Chowdhury are supposedly titles of honor. Usually, a single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat, but more about this later. Amin was a knighthood bestowed upon the Hindu Gujarati Patels by the Mughal rulers. A recent tendency in sociological literature is to consider jatis as castes. We had seen earlier that in the first-order division, such as that of the Rajputs, there were no second-order divisions, and no attempt was made to form small endogamous units: hypergamy had free play, as it were. There was another kind of ambiguity about the Brahman status or two other divisionsKayatia and Tapodhan. Desai is a frequently used Gujarati surname composed of the Sanskrit words desa meaning country, and swami meaning master or lord. Many of them became the norm-setting elite for Gujaratis in the homeland. Transacting Caste in Modern Times: Changing Social Identity through Among the first-order divisions with subdivisions going down to the fourth order, there are associations for divisions of all the orders. The highest stratum among the Leva Kanbi tried to maintain its position by practising polygyny and female infanticide, among other customs and institutions, as did the highest stratum among the Rajput. The latter continued to be the provincial capital during Mughal rule. There are 350+ Castes living right now in Gujarat State, The Government has divided all castes in 5 to 6 Category which is General, SEBC, OBC, SC, ST, NT & DT. What is really required for a comprehensive understanding is a comparison of traditional with modern caste in both rural and urban areas (including, to be sure, the rural-urban linkages). Data need to be collected over large areas by methods other than those used in village studies, castes need to be compared in the regional setting, and a new general approach, analytical framework, and conceptual apparatus need to be developed. There was a continuous process of formation and disintegration of such units. PDF CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF GUJARAT All Brahman divisions did not, however, have a corresponding Vania division. Value. It is quite a common Gujarati surname, and indicates that the person is a believer of Jainism. Prohibited Content 3. Most associations continue to retain their non-political character. 73 Bold And Mighty Baby Names That Mean Leader Or Ruler, 103 Powerful And Unique Baby Names That Mean Warrior, 25 Fun And Amazing Facts About Elephants For Kids, 50 Popular Gujarati Surnames Or Last Names With Meanings. 01051 kerala 01 ganak 01052 kerala 01 gounder kongu vellala 01053 kerala 01 gounder menon 01054 kerala 01 gounder padaiyachi 01055 Beingtheparent.com is the best thing that has happened to me as a mother. To know more about it, below is a list compiled with the common Gujarati surnames. Although some of them set up shops in villages they rarely became full-fledged members of the village community. They were given to the bride as a "bride wealth" dowry by her soon-to-be husband's mother. This was dramatized at huge feasts called chorasi (literally, eighty-four) when Brahmans belonging to all the traditional 84 second-order divisions sat together to eat food cooked at the same kitchen. The name, Talapada, meaning mdigenous, commonly used in the 19th century, is most clear, since it is clearly distinguished from the other division called Pardeshi, meaning foreign, who during the last one or two centuries immigrated here from the area around Patan in north Gujarat and were, therefore, also called Patan- wadias. Bhavsar Name Meaning & Bhavsar Family History at Ancestry.com In some places they are known as Ganeshia, Meghbansi, Mihagh, Rakhesar, Rakhia, Rikhia, Rishia and other names. Most of the second-order divisions were further divided into third-order divisions. For example, among the Vanias the most general rule was that a marriage of a boy could be arranged with any girl who was bhane khapati, i.e., with whom he was permitted to have commensal relations (roti vyavahar). While some hypergamous and hierarchical tendency, however weak, did exist between tads within an ekda and between ekdas within a second- order division, it was practically non-existent among the forty or so second-order divisions, such as Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, Khadayata and so on, among the Vanias. It is not claimed that separation, or even repulsion, may not be present somewhere as an independent factor (1972: 346,n.55b). Kangasia 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt 10/09/1993 32. Because Sikhism believes in one human creed (no one belongs to a higher or a lower social status or caste) and that accounts to adding Bani of various authors, a total of 36, in Guru Granth Sahib irrespective of many belonging to religions other than Sikhism. Far from it, I am only suggesting that its role had certain limitations and that the principle of division was also an important and competing principle. We have analyzed the internal structure of two first-order divisions, Rajput and Anavil, which did not have any second-order divisions, and of several second-order divisionsTalapada and Pardeshi Koli, Khedawal Brahman, and Leva Kanbiwhich did not have any third-order divisions. - BY Crissy Jane These linkages played an important role in the traditional social structure as well as in the processes of change in modern India. Since the beginning of the modern reform movement to encourage inter-caste marriages-most of which are in fact inter-tad or inter-ekda marriagesthe old process of fission into ekdas and tads has come to a halt, and it is, therefore, difficult to understand this process without making a systematic historical enquiry. By the beginning of British rule in the early 19th century, a considerable number of these chieftains had succeeded in establishing petty chiefdoms, each composed of one, and occasionally more than one, village, in all parts of Gujarat. ), ( SC . Shah derives its name from sahukaar, a Gujarati word that means merchant, banker, or money-lender. Caste order: the Patel is the new 'shudra' - mint Another major factor in the growth of urban centres in Gujarat was political. In some places they are known as Ganeshia, Meghbansi, Mihagh, Rakhesar, Rakhia, Rikhia, Rishia and other names. In most parts of Gujarat it merged into the various second-order divisions of the Koli division and possible also into the widespread tribe of Bhils. In Gujarat, the Modi surname is used by Hindus, Muslims, and Parsis. %PDF-1.7 Gupta is a common Gujarati surname that derives its name from Gupt, a Sanskrit word meaning, protected or secret. The urban centres in both the areas, it is hardly necessary to mention, are nucleated settlements populated by numerous caste and religious groups. If the Varna divisions are taken into account, then this would add one more order to the four orders of caste divisions considered above. The surnames are rooted in occupational, ethnic and topographic backgrounds. SaveIllustration: Momjunction Design Team. It owned corporate property, usually in the form of vadis (large buildings used for holding feasts and festivals, accommodating wedding guests, and holding meetings), huge utensils for cooking feasts, and money received as fees and fines. The earliest caste associations were formed in Bombay in the middle of the 19th century among migrants belonging to the primarily urban and upper castes from Gujarat, such as Vanias, Bhatias and Lohanas (see Dobbin 1972: 74-76, 121-30, 227f, 259-61). The women are famous for their embroidery work and are master wool and cotton weavers. They co-existed in the highlands with tribes such as the Bhils, so much so that today frequently many high caste Gujaratis confuse them with Bhils, as did the earlier ethnographers. For example, in a Rajput kingdom the families of the Rajput king and his nobles resided in the capital town, while the Rajput landlords and cultivators resided in villages. Most of the business class belongs to this community due to their business sense. He stresses repeatedly the primacy of the principle of hierarchy-epitomized in the title of his book. Opulent last names that exhibit royalty, class, and style. Another clearly visible change in caste in Gujarat is the emergence of caste associations. There was also another important correlation. The dye is caste in Gujarat. Finally, while an increasing number of marriages are taking place even across the boundaries of first-order divisions, as for example, between Brahmans and Vanias, and between Vanias and Patidars, such marriages even now form an extremely small proportion of the total number of marriages. Of particular importance seems to be the fact that a section of the urban population was more or less isolatedsome may say, alienatedfrom the rural masses from generation to generation. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The change from emphasis on hierarchy to emphasis on division is becoming increasingly significant in view of the growth of urban population both in absolute number and in relation to the total population. Bawa, Atit Bawa Goswami Vairagi Bawa Gosai Phone +91 79 23253245 2021 Director, Developing Castes Welfare, Government of Gujarat Privacy PolicySitemapHyperlinking PolicyCopyright PolicyTerms & ConditionsDisclaimer Visitors 1766792 Last update 21 Apr 2023 Vibrant and unique Tswana baby names represent culture, faith, and family lineage. The Khadayatas were divided into about 30 ekdas. Agri 12011/68/93-BCC(C) dt 10.09.1993 2. The migrants, many of whom came from heterogeneous urban centres of Gujarat, became part of an even more heterogeneous environment in Bombay. August 31, 2015, 2:33 PM IST Rajiv Shah in True Lies, India, TOI. Leva Kanbis, numbering 400,000 to 500,000 m 1931, were the traditional agricultural caste of central Gujarat. The Subaltern Studies Group was part of a larger post-structural and cultural turn in the humanities and social sciences, which has profoundly changed how we today discuss history, power, consciousness, colonialism and resistance. Sharma. % Bhagat is also a Hindu, Buddhist and Jain surname, which is most prevalent in the northern states of India. Turnout is also system and all the organs involved in the increasing in good percentage.2002 Gujarat system are responsible, and accordingly, they election was most crucial after communal are expected for their approach, commitments, disharmony . Doshi is a common Gujarati surname, which means a cloth-selling hawker. The surname likely would have been an occupational one. Rawal - Wikipedia There is striking popularity in the dress of men, but the Maru Bhambi women generally wear Ghagra or petticoat of country chintz, while the Jata Bhambis dress themselves like the Jat women and are distinguished from the use of lac churas instead of ivory ones. Nowadays, in urban areas in particular, very few people think of making separate seating arrangements for members of different castes at wedding and such other feasts. In particular, the implications of the co-existence of lower-order divisions within a higher- order division in the same town or city should be worked out. There would be a wide measure of agreement with him on both these counts. endobj They were involved in agriculture in one way or another. Willy, Will, or Willa - Which one will you choose for your baby? This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania division. The Kayatias main occupation was to perform a ritual on the eleventh day after death, during which they took away offerings made to ghosts: this was the main cause of their extremely low status among Brahmans.
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